2024
Hume, J.B., Bennis, S., Bruning, T., Docker, M.F., Good, S., Lampman, R., Rinchard, J., Searcy, T., Wilkie, M.P., Johnson, N.S.
Evaluation of larval sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus growth in the laboratory: influence of temperature and diet Journal Article
In: Aquaculture Research, vol. 2024, no. 5547340, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: aquaculture, growth, management, sea lamprey
@article{nokey,
title = {Evaluation of larval sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus growth in the laboratory: influence of temperature and diet},
author = {Hume, J.B., Bennis, S., Bruning, T., Docker, M.F., Good, S., Lampman, R., Rinchard, J., Searcy, T., Wilkie, M.P., Johnson, N.S.},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5547340},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-02},
urldate = {2024-02-02},
journal = {Aquaculture Research},
volume = {2024},
number = {5547340},
abstract = {Conservation aquaculture provides a means for promoting environmental stewardship, useful both in the context of restoring
native species and limiting the production of invasive species. Aquaculture of lampreys is a relatively recent endeavor aimed
primarily at producing animals to support the restoration of declining native populations. However, in the Laurentian Great Lakes,
where sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus are invasive, the ability to acquire a reliable source of certain life stages would be a
significant benefit to those controlling their populations and studying the species. Here, we apply methodologies developed for
Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus restoration to investigate the feasibility of rearing larval sea lamprey under laboratory
conditions. In two experiments lasting 3 and 9 months, we tested the effects of different dietary sources and water temperature
(ambient and controlled) on the survival and growth of wild-caught larvae. Rearing conditions had no effect on mortality, as larval
survival was 100% in both experiments. Growth was significantly affected by water temperature, with the highest average daily
growth rates observed at 22 and 15°C (0.14 mm day−1
) and lowest at 8°C (0.06 mm day−1
). Diets of yeast alone (0.19 and 0.21 g L−1
)
performed better than those comprising a mixture of yeast and other material when fed 3 times weekly (rice flour, wheat flour, fish
meal; 0.19 and 0.32 g L−1
). Averaged across the three constant temperatures (8, 15, and 22°C), larvae fed on yeast grew 0.13 mm day−1
and 0.01 g day−1
, whereas on yeast + fish meal, they grew 0.09 mm day−1 and 0.01 g day−1
. At ambient temperature (4–20°C), larvae
fed on yeast grew 0.15 mm day−1 and 0.01 g day−1
, whereas those fed on yeast + wheat flour grew 0.13 mm day−1 and 0.008 g day−1
and those fed on yeast + rice flour grew 0.12 mm day−1 and 0.009 g day−1
. An experimental duration of 90 days was sufficient to
detect significant changes to larval sea lamprey growth stemming from temperature variation. Overall, rearing of sea lamprey in
captivity appears feasible at low density (31–32 g m−2 and 17–25 larvae m−2
), but uncertainties remain regarding the most appro-
priate means of providing adequate feed for these fish in high-density conditions.},
keywords = {aquaculture, growth, management, sea lamprey},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Conservation aquaculture provides a means for promoting environmental stewardship, useful both in the context of restoring
native species and limiting the production of invasive species. Aquaculture of lampreys is a relatively recent endeavor aimed
primarily at producing animals to support the restoration of declining native populations. However, in the Laurentian Great Lakes,
where sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus are invasive, the ability to acquire a reliable source of certain life stages would be a
significant benefit to those controlling their populations and studying the species. Here, we apply methodologies developed for
Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus restoration to investigate the feasibility of rearing larval sea lamprey under laboratory
conditions. In two experiments lasting 3 and 9 months, we tested the effects of different dietary sources and water temperature
(ambient and controlled) on the survival and growth of wild-caught larvae. Rearing conditions had no effect on mortality, as larval
survival was 100% in both experiments. Growth was significantly affected by water temperature, with the highest average daily
growth rates observed at 22 and 15°C (0.14 mm day−1
) and lowest at 8°C (0.06 mm day−1
). Diets of yeast alone (0.19 and 0.21 g L−1
)
performed better than those comprising a mixture of yeast and other material when fed 3 times weekly (rice flour, wheat flour, fish
meal; 0.19 and 0.32 g L−1
). Averaged across the three constant temperatures (8, 15, and 22°C), larvae fed on yeast grew 0.13 mm day−1
and 0.01 g day−1
, whereas on yeast + fish meal, they grew 0.09 mm day−1 and 0.01 g day−1
. At ambient temperature (4–20°C), larvae
fed on yeast grew 0.15 mm day−1 and 0.01 g day−1
, whereas those fed on yeast + wheat flour grew 0.13 mm day−1 and 0.008 g day−1
and those fed on yeast + rice flour grew 0.12 mm day−1 and 0.009 g day−1
. An experimental duration of 90 days was sufficient to
detect significant changes to larval sea lamprey growth stemming from temperature variation. Overall, rearing of sea lamprey in
captivity appears feasible at low density (31–32 g m−2 and 17–25 larvae m−2
), but uncertainties remain regarding the most appro-
priate means of providing adequate feed for these fish in high-density conditions.
native species and limiting the production of invasive species. Aquaculture of lampreys is a relatively recent endeavor aimed
primarily at producing animals to support the restoration of declining native populations. However, in the Laurentian Great Lakes,
where sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus are invasive, the ability to acquire a reliable source of certain life stages would be a
significant benefit to those controlling their populations and studying the species. Here, we apply methodologies developed for
Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus restoration to investigate the feasibility of rearing larval sea lamprey under laboratory
conditions. In two experiments lasting 3 and 9 months, we tested the effects of different dietary sources and water temperature
(ambient and controlled) on the survival and growth of wild-caught larvae. Rearing conditions had no effect on mortality, as larval
survival was 100% in both experiments. Growth was significantly affected by water temperature, with the highest average daily
growth rates observed at 22 and 15°C (0.14 mm day−1
) and lowest at 8°C (0.06 mm day−1
). Diets of yeast alone (0.19 and 0.21 g L−1
)
performed better than those comprising a mixture of yeast and other material when fed 3 times weekly (rice flour, wheat flour, fish
meal; 0.19 and 0.32 g L−1
). Averaged across the three constant temperatures (8, 15, and 22°C), larvae fed on yeast grew 0.13 mm day−1
and 0.01 g day−1
, whereas on yeast + fish meal, they grew 0.09 mm day−1 and 0.01 g day−1
. At ambient temperature (4–20°C), larvae
fed on yeast grew 0.15 mm day−1 and 0.01 g day−1
, whereas those fed on yeast + wheat flour grew 0.13 mm day−1 and 0.008 g day−1
and those fed on yeast + rice flour grew 0.12 mm day−1 and 0.009 g day−1
. An experimental duration of 90 days was sufficient to
detect significant changes to larval sea lamprey growth stemming from temperature variation. Overall, rearing of sea lamprey in
captivity appears feasible at low density (31–32 g m−2 and 17–25 larvae m−2
), but uncertainties remain regarding the most appro-
priate means of providing adequate feed for these fish in high-density conditions.
2019
Moser, M.L., Hume, J.B., Lampman, R., Aronsuu, K. & Jackson, A.
Lamprey early life history: insights from artificial propagation Book Chapter
In: Docker, M. F. (Ed.): vol. 2, pp. 187–245, Springer Dordrecht, 2019.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: aquaculture
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Lamprey early life history: insights from artificial propagation},
author = {Moser, M.L., Hume, J.B., Lampman, R., Aronsuu, K. & Jackson, A.},
editor = {Docker, M.F.},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-024-1684-8_2},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-04},
urldate = {2019-06-04},
volume = {2},
pages = {187–245},
publisher = {Springer Dordrecht},
series = {Fish & Fisheries Series},
abstract = {Artificial propagation of lampreys was first developed to produce specimens for the study of evolutionary development in vertebrates. In recent years, artificially propagated larvae have been used to improve identification methods for native lamprey species, to study invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus in the Laurentian Great Lakes and to provide animals for genomic studies, and for restoration and conservation research. In the course of developing methods for lamprey cultivation, insights into lamprey behavior, biology, genetics, and early life history have been gained. Broodstock holding has indicated that adult lampreys can be kept at extremely high densities when provided with cold, oxygenated water. Sexual maturation is controlled primarily by temperature, but may be affected by photoperiod, the presence of other lampreys, and suitable substrate. Fertilization and incubation experiments have revealed that gamete contact times are very short and that embryos are resilient to low flow, poor water quality, or variable substrates. Early larvae are also resilient to these factors and can tolerate abrupt changes in temperature and extended periods of starvation. However, they cannot survive sudden changes in water quality, excessive disturbance, and lack of adequate burrowing media. These observations have resulted in more efficient and effective lamprey propagation and have yielded important information about the early life stage requirements of lampreys in the wild. Further study is needed on a broader array of species to allow inter specific comparisons of early life history. However, information from lampreys receiving the most attention to date (European river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis, sea lamprey, and Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus) indicates that culture and environmental requirements of the early life stages are remarkably similar, allowing generalization across species.},
keywords = {aquaculture},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
Artificial propagation of lampreys was first developed to produce specimens for the study of evolutionary development in vertebrates. In recent years, artificially propagated larvae have been used to improve identification methods for native lamprey species, to study invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus in the Laurentian Great Lakes and to provide animals for genomic studies, and for restoration and conservation research. In the course of developing methods for lamprey cultivation, insights into lamprey behavior, biology, genetics, and early life history have been gained. Broodstock holding has indicated that adult lampreys can be kept at extremely high densities when provided with cold, oxygenated water. Sexual maturation is controlled primarily by temperature, but may be affected by photoperiod, the presence of other lampreys, and suitable substrate. Fertilization and incubation experiments have revealed that gamete contact times are very short and that embryos are resilient to low flow, poor water quality, or variable substrates. Early larvae are also resilient to these factors and can tolerate abrupt changes in temperature and extended periods of starvation. However, they cannot survive sudden changes in water quality, excessive disturbance, and lack of adequate burrowing media. These observations have resulted in more efficient and effective lamprey propagation and have yielded important information about the early life stage requirements of lampreys in the wild. Further study is needed on a broader array of species to allow inter specific comparisons of early life history. However, information from lampreys receiving the most attention to date (European river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis, sea lamprey, and Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus) indicates that culture and environmental requirements of the early life stages are remarkably similar, allowing generalization across species.